Kutheni ukusebenza kweentambo ze-photovoltaic kubalulekile?Iintambo ze-photovoltaic zihlala zichanekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kwaye iinkqubo zamandla elanga zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo, ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet.EYurophu, iintsuku ezinelanga ziya kubangela ukuba iqondo lobushushu kwindawo yeenkqubo zamandla elanga lifike kwi-100°C.
Okwangoku, izinto ezahlukeneyo esinokuzisebenzisa ziquka i-PVC, i-rubber, i-TPE kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu yokudibanisa izinto ezinqamlezileyo, kodwa ngelishwa, iintambo zerabha ezilinganiswe kwi-90 ° C kunye neentambo ze-PVC ezilinganiswe kwi-70 ° C zihlala zisetyenziswa ngaphandle.Ukuze kugcinwe iindleko, iikontraki ezininzi azikhethi iintambo ezikhethekileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga, kodwa khetha iintambo eziqhelekileyo zePVC zokutshintsha iintambo ze-photovoltaic.Ngokucacileyo, oku kuya kuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yenkqubo.
Iimpawu zeentambo ze-photovoltaic zichongwa yi-insulation ye-cable ekhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo ze-sheath, esizibiza ngokuba yi-PE edibeneyo.Emva kokukhanya nge-accelerator ye-irradiation, isakhiwo se-molecular ye-cable material iya kutshintsha, ngaloo ndlela inikezela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Ukuchasana nemithwalo yemishini Enyanisweni, ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokugcinwa, iintambo ziyakwazi ukuhanjiswa kwiindawo ezibukhali zezakhiwo zephahla, kwaye iintambo kufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo, ukugoba, ukunyanzeliswa, ukunyanzeliswa kwemithwalo kunye neempembelelo ezinamandla.Ukuba i-cable sheath ayinamandla ngokwaneleyo, i-cable insulation layer iya konakala kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ubomi benkonzo yentambo yonke, okanye ibangele iingxaki ezifana nesekethe emfutshane, umlilo kunye nokulimala komntu.
Ukusebenza kweentambo ze-photovoltaic
Iimpawu zombane
Ukuxhathisa kweDC
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-DC ye-core conductive yentambo egqityiweyo kwi-20 ℃ ayikho ngaphezu kwe-5.09Ω/km.
Uvavanyo lombane wokuntywiliselwa emanzini
Intambo egqityiweyo (20m) intywiliselwa (20±5)℃ emanzini i-1h ize emva koko ivavanyelwe i-5min yombane (AC 6.5kV okanye i-DC 15kV) ngaphandle kokwaphuka.
Ixesha elide lokuxhathisa amandla ombane eDC
Isampulu yi-5m ubude kwaye ibekwe ku (85±2)℃ amanzi adiyiliweyo aqulethe i-3% ye-sodium chloride (NaCl) ye-(240±2)h, zombini iziphelo zibekwe kwindawo yamanzi kwi-30cm.I-voltage ye-DC ye-0.9kV isetyenziswa phakathi kondoqo kunye namanzi (i-conditive core iqhagamshelwe kwipali echanekileyo kwaye amanzi adityaniswe kwipali engafanelekanga).Emva kokuthatha isampuli, uvavanyo lombane wokuntywiliselwa emanzini luyenziwa.Amandla ombane ovavanyo yi-AC 1kV, kwaye akukho kuphazamiseka kuyadingeka.
Ukumelana ne-insulation
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulation ye-cable egqityiweyo kwi-20℃ ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-1014Ω˙cm, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-insulation ye-cable egqityiweyo kwi-90℃ ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-1011Ω˙cm.
Ukumelana nomphezulu we-sheath
Ukumelana nomphezulu we-sheath yekhebula egqityiweyo kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-109Ω.
Ezinye iipropati
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lobushushu obuphezulu (GB/T 2951.31-2008)
Ubushushu (140 ± 3) ℃, ixesha 240min, k=0.6, ubunzulu be-indentation abudluli i-50% yobunzima bubonke be-insulation kunye ne-sheath.Kwaye i-AC6.5kV, uvavanyo lwe-voltage ye-5min luyenziwa, kwaye akukho kuphazamiseka kuyadingeka.
Uvavanyo lobushushu obumanzi
Isampulu ibekwe kwindawo eneqondo lobushushu le-90℃ kunye nokufuma kwe-85% ye-1000h.Emva kokupholisa kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi, izinga lokutshintsha kwamandla e-tensile ngu-≤-30% kwaye izinga lokutshintsha kwe-elongation ngexesha lekhefu ngu-≤-30% xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambi kovavanyo.
Uvavanyo lokumelana ne-Acid kunye ne-alkali isisombululo (GB/T 2951.21-2008)
Amaqela amabini eesampuli afakwe kwisisombululo se-oxalic acid kunye ne-concentration ye-45g / L kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-concentration ye-40g / L, ngokulandelanayo, kwiqondo lokushisa kwe-23 ℃ ye-168h.Xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambi kokucwiliswa kwisisombululo, izinga lokutshintsha kwamandla e-tensile lalingu-≤± 30%, kwaye ukunyuswa ngexesha lekhefu kwakuyi-≥100%.
Uvavanyo lokuhambelana
Emva kokuba ikhebula ligugile i-7 × 24h kwi-(135 ± 2) ℃, izinga lokutshintsha kwamandla e-tensile ngaphambi nangemva kokuguga kwe-insulation kwaba ≤± 30%, kwaye izinga lokutshintsha kwe-elongation kwikhefu laliyi-≤± 30%;izinga lokutshintsha kwamandla okuqina ngaphambi nangemva kokuguga kwe-sheath yayingu-≤-30%, kwaye izinga lokutshintsha kwe-elongation ngexesha lekhefu lalingu-≤± 30%.
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo yobushushu obuphantsi (8.5 kwi-GB/T 2951.14-2008)
Ubushushu bokupholisa -40 ℃, ixesha le-16h, ubunzima be-drop 1000g, ubunzima bebhloko yempembelelo 200g, ukuphakama kwe-100mm, akukho zintanda ezibonakalayo phezu komhlaba.
Uvavanyo lokugoba lobushushu obuphantsi (8.2 kwi-GB/T 2951.14-2008)
Ubushushu bokupholisa (-40 ± 2) ℃, ixesha 16h, uvavanyo intonga ububanzi 4 ~ 5 amaxesha ububanzi engaphandle intambo, 3 ~ 4 ujiko, akukho iintanda ebonakalayo kumphezulu sheath emva kovavanyo.
Uvavanyo lokumelana ne-Ozone
Ubude besampulu yi-20cm kwaye ifakwe kwisitya sokumisa i-16h.Ububanzi bentonga yovavanyo esetyenziswe kuvavanyo lokugoba yi (2±0.1) amaxesha obubanzi bangaphandle bentambo.Igumbi lovavanyo: ubushushu (40 ± 2) ℃, ukufuma okunxulumene (55 ± 5)%, ugxininiso lwe-ozone (200 ± 50) × 10-6%, ukuhamba komoya: 0.2 ~ 0.5 amaxesha ovavanyo lwegumbi umthamo / min.Isampuli ifakwe kwigumbi lokuvavanya iiyure ezingama-72.Emva kovavanyo, akufanele kubekho iintanda ezibonakalayo kumphezulu we-sheath.
Ukumelana nemozulu / uvavanyo lwe-ultraviolet
Umjikelo ngamnye: ukunkcenkceshela imizuzu eyi-18, ukomiswa kwesibane se-xenon kangangemizuzu eyi-102, ubushushu (65±3)℃, ukufuma okungama-65%, ubuncinci bamandla ngaphantsi kobude obungamaza angama-300~400nm: (60±2)W/m2.Emva kweeyure ezingama-720, uvavanyo lokugoba lwenziwa kwiqondo lokushisa.Ububanzi bentonga yokuvavanya i-4 ~ 5 amaxesha ububanzi bangaphandle bekhebula.Emva kovavanyo, akufanele kubekho iintanda ezibonakalayo kumphezulu we-sheath.
Uvavanyo lokungena olunamandla
Ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa kwegumbi, ukusika isivinini se-1N / s, inani leemvavanyo zokusika: amaxesha ama-4, ixesha ngalinye isampuli yokuvavanya iqhubekile, kufuneka iqhubele phambili i-25mm kwaye ijikeleze i-90 ° nge-clockwise ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.Rekhoda amandla okungena F xa inaliti yentsimbi yasentwasahlobo iqhagamshelana nocingo lobhedu, kwaye ixabiso eliphakathi ngu-≥150˙Dn1/2 N (4mm2 icandelo lomnqamlezo Dn=2.5mm)
Ukuxhathisa kwamazinyo
Thatha amacandelo ama-3 eesampuli, icandelo ngalinye li-25mm ngaphandle, kwaye wenze i-4 dents kwi-90 ° ukujikeleza, ubunzulu be-dent yi-0.05mm kwaye i-perpendicular kumqhubi wobhedu.Amacandelo 3 iisampulu zibekwe -15 ℃, ubushushu begumbi, kunye +85℃ amagumbi uvavanyo 3h, kwaye ke amanxeba kwi mandrel kumagumbi zabo uvavanyo.Idayamitha mandrel yi (3±0.3) amaxesha ubuncinane yangaphandle ububanzi intambo.Ubuncinci inotshi enye yesampulu nganye ibekwe ngaphandle.Akukho kuphazamiseka kubonwa ngexesha lovavanyo lombane wokuntywiliselwa we-AC0.3kV.
Uvavanyo lokunciphisa ubushushu beSheath (11 kwi-GB/T 2951.13-2008)
Isampulu isikwa ubude be-L1=300mm, ifakwe kwi-oven eyi-120℃ nge-1h, emva koko ikhutshwe kwaye ipholiswe kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.Phinda lo mjikelezo oshushu kunye obandayo amaxesha ama-5, kwaye ekugqibeleni upholile kwiqondo lokushisa.Umlinganiselo wokunciphisa ubushushu besampulu kufuneka ube ≤2%.
Uvavanyo lokutshisa oluthe nkqo
Emva kokuba intambo egqityiweyo ibekwe kwi-(60±2)℃ ye-4h, uvavanyo lokutshisa oluchanekileyo oluchazwe kwi-GB / T 18380.12-2008 lwenziwa.
Uvavanyo lomxholo weHalogen
PH kunye ne-conductivity
Ukubekwa kwesampula: 16h, ubushushu (21～25)℃, ukufuma (45～55)%.Iisampulu ezimbini, nganye (1000 ± 5) mg, zityunyuzwe zibe ngamasuntswana angaphantsi kwe-0.1mg.Isantya sokuhamba komoya (0.0157˙D2) l˙h-1±10%, umgama phakathi kwesikhephe esivuthayo kunye nomda wendawo yokufudumeza esebenzayo ye-furnace ngu-≥300mm, iqondo lobushushu kwisikhephe sokutsha kufuneka libe ngu-≥935. ℃, kunye neqondo lobushushu kwi-300m kude nephenyane lokutsha (kunye necala lokuhamba komoya) kufuneka libe ngu-≥900℃.
Igesi eyenziwa yisampuli yovavanyo iqokelelwa ngebhotile yokuhlamba igesi equkethe i-450ml (ixabiso le-PH 6.5 ± 1.0; i-conductivity ≤0.5μS / mm) amanzi adibeneyo.Umjikelo wovavanyo: 30min.Iimfuno: PH≥4.3;conductivity ≤10μS/mm.
Umxholo we-Cl kunye ne-Br
Ukubekwa kwesampula: 16h, ubushushu (21~25) ℃, ukufuma (45~55)%.Iisampulu ezimbini, nganye (500 ~ 1000)mg, ityunyuzwe ukuya kwi-0.1mg.
Izinga lokuhamba komoya ngu (0.0157˙D2)l˙h-1±10%, kwaye isampuli ifudunyezwa ngokufanayo (800±10)℃ ye-40min kwaye igcinwe i-20min.
Igesi eveliswa yisampula yokuvavanya ifakwe kwibhotile yokuhlamba igesi equkethe i-220ml / isiqwenga se-0.1M isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide;i-liquid yeebhotile ezimbini zokuhlamba igesi ifakwe kwibhotile ye-volumetric, kwaye ibhotile yokuhlamba igesi kunye nezixhobo zayo zihlanjululwa ngamanzi adibeneyo kwaye zifakwe kwibhotile ye-volumetric kwi-1000ml.Emva kokupholisa kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi, i-200ml yesisombululo esivavanyiweyo ifakwe kwibhotile ye-volumetric kunye ne-pipette, i-4ml ye-nitric acid egxininisiweyo, i-20ml ye-0.1M ye-nitrate yesilivere, kunye ne-3ml ye-nitrobenzene yongezwa, kwaye ixutywe de kube i-flocs emhlophe ifakwe;I-40% yesisombululo se-ammonium sulfate yamanzi kunye namaconsi ambalwa esisombululo se-nitric acid yongezwa ukuxuba ngokupheleleyo, ixutywe nge-stirrer magnetic, kunye ne-ammonium hydrogen sulfide titration solution yongezwa.
Iimfuno: Umyinge wamaxabiso ovavanyo lweesampulu ezimbini: HCL≤0.5%;HBr≤0.5%;
Ixabiso lovavanyo lwesampulu nganye ≤ umndilili wamaxabiso ovavanyo lweesampulu ezimbini ±10%.
F umxholo
Beka i-25-30 mg yezinto zesampuli kwisitya se-oksijini ye-1L, yongeza i-2-3 yehla ye-alkanol, kwaye ungeze i-5 ml ye-0.5M isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.Vumela isampulu itshise, kwaye ugalele intsalela kwi-50 ml yekomityi yokumeta ngokurhashaza kancinci.
Xuba i-5 ml yesisombululo se-buffer kwisisombululo sesampuli kwaye uhlambulule isisombululo kuphawu.Zoba ijika lokulinganisa ukufumana ugxininiso lwefluorine lwesampulu yesisombululo, kwaye ufumane umxholo wepesenti yefluorine kwisampulu ngokubala.
Imfuneko: ≤0.1%.
Iimpawu zomatshini zokugquma kunye nezixhobo zesheath
Ngaphambi kokuguga, ukuqina kokuqina kwe-insulation ≥6.5N / mm2, ukunyuswa ngexesha lekhefu ngu-≥125%, amandla okuqina e-sheath ngu-≥8.0N/mm2, kunye nobude bekhefu ≥125%.
Emva kokuguga kwi-(150 ± 2) ℃ kunye ne-7 × 24h, izinga lokutshintsha kwamandla okuqina kunye ne-sheath ngaphambi nasemva kokuguga ngu-≤-30%, kunye nesantya sokutshintsha kobude ngexesha lokuqhawula kunye ne-sheath ngaphambi nasemva kokuguga. yi ≤-30%.
Uvavanyo lwe-Thermal elongation
Ngaphantsi komthwalo we-20N / cm2, emva kokuba isampuli iphantsi kovavanyo lokunyusa i-thermal (200 ± 3) ℃ ye-15min, ixabiso eliphakathi lokwandiswa kwe-insulation kunye ne-sheath akufanele libe likhulu kune-100%, kunye ne-median. ixabiso lokunyuka komgama phakathi kwemigca yokumakisha emva kokuba isampuli ikhutshwe kwi-oven kwaye ipholile akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-25% yomgama ngaphambi kokuba umboniso ufakwe kwi-oven.
Ubomi bobushushu
Ngokutsho kwe-Arrhenius curve ye-EN 60216-1 kunye ne-EN60216-2, isalathisi seqondo lokushisa yi-120 ℃.Ixesha 5000h.Izinga lokugcinwa kwe-elongation kwi-break of insulation and sheath: ≥50%.Emva koko wenze uvavanyo lokugoba kwiqondo lokushisa.Ububanzi bentonga yokuvavanya kabini ububanzi bangaphandle bekhebula.Emva kovavanyo, akufanele kubekho iintanda ezibonakalayo kumphezulu we-sheath.Ubomi obufunekayo: iminyaka eyi-25.
Nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga neentambo zelanga.
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