Iintambo zamandla ombane aphakathi zinoluhlu lwamandla ombane phakathi kwe-6 kV kunye ne-33kV.Ziye ziveliswa kakhulu njengenxalenye yokuvelisa amandla kunye nokusasazwa kothungelwano lwezicelo ezininzi ezifana nezinto ezisetyenziswayo, i-petrochemical, uthutho, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukusetyenzwa kokutya, iimarike zorhwebo kunye nezoshishino.
Ngokubanzi, zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiinkqubo ezinoluhlu lwamandla ombane ukuya kuthi ga kwi-36kV kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni amandla kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa.
01.Esemgangathweni
Ngokukhula kwemfuno yehlabathi yeentambo zombane ophakathi, ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino kuya kubaluleke ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yeentambo zombane ophakathi zezi:
I-IEC 60502-2: Iintambo ze-medium-voltage ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwihlabathi, kunye ne-voltage elinganisiweyo ukuya kwi-36 kV, uluhlu olubanzi lokuyila kunye nokuvavanya, kubandakanywa iintambo ezingundoqo kunye neentambo ezininzi;iintambo ezixhobileyo kunye neentambo ezingenasikrweqe, iindidi ezimbini Isikrweqe "ibhanti kunye nesikrweqe socingo" sibandakanyiwe.
- IEC / EN 60754: yenzelwe ukuvavanya umxholo weegesi ze-halogen acid, kwaye ijolise ekuqinisekiseni iigesi ze-asidi ezikhutshwe xa i-insulation, sheathing, njl. izinto ezivuthayo.
-IEC/EN 60332: Umlinganiselo wokusasazwa komlilo kulo lonke ubude bekhebula xa kuthe kwatsha.
- IEC / EN 61034: icacisa uvavanyo lokumisela ukuxinana komsi kwiintambo ezivuthayo phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo.
- I-BS 6622: Igubungela iintambo zombane ezilinganisiweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-36 kV.Igubungela umda woyilo kunye novavanyo, kubandakanya isiseko esisodwa kunye neentambo ezininzi ezingundoqo;iingcingo ezixhobileyo kuphela, iintlobo zocingo ezixhobileyo kuphela kunye neentambo ze-PVC ezichetyiweyo.
- BS 7835: Igubungela iintambo zombane ezilinganisiweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-36 kV.Igubungela umda woyilo kunye novavanyo, kubandakanya i-single-core, iintambo ezininzi ezingundoqo, iintambo ezixhobileyo kuphela, iintambo ezixhobileyo kuphela, iintambo ezingenamsi ophantsi we-halogen.
- I-BS 7870: luluhlu lwemigangatho ebaluleke kakhulu kumbane ophantsi kunye nophakathi we-polymer insulated cables ukuze zisetyenziswe yinkampani yokuvelisa umbane kunye nokuhambisa.
02.Isakhiwo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo
Intambo yombane ophakathiUyilo lunokubakho ngobukhulu kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo.Ulwakhiwo lunzima kakhulu kuneentambo zombane ophantsi.
Umahluko phakathi kweentambo zombane ophakathi kunye neentambo zombane ophantsi awupheleli nje kwindlela okwakhiwa ngayo iintambo, kodwa nakwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nezinto ezikrwada.
Kwiintambo zombane ophakathi, inkqubo yokugquma yahluke kakhulu kuleyo yeentambo zombane ophantsi, enyanisweni:
- Intambo yamandla ombane aphakathi inemigangatho emithathu endaweni yomaleko omnye: umaleko okhuselayo we-conductor, insulating material, insulating shielding layer.
- Inkqubo yokufakelwa kombane ophakathi iphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa imigca yeCCV endaweni yee-extruders eziqhelekileyo ezithe tye, njengoko kunjalo kwiintambo zombane ophantsi.
- Nokuba isigqubuthelo sinegama elifanayo nentambo yombane ophantsi (umzekelo, i-XLPE), imathiriyeli ekrwada ngokwayo yahlukile ukuqinisekisa ukugquma okucocekileyo.Umbala wee-masterbatches kwiintambo ezine-voltage ephantsi azivumelekanga ukuchongwa okungundoqo.
- Izikrini zentsimbi zidla ngokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kweentambo zombane ophakathi kwiintambo zombane ophantsi ezinikezelwe kwizicelo ezithile.
03. Uvavanyo
Iimveliso zentambo zombane ophakathi zifuna uvavanyo olunzulu lokuvavanya amacandelo ngamanye kunye nentambo yonke ngokwemigangatho yokuvunywa kweemveliso zentambo.Iintambo zamandla ombane aphakathi zivavanyelwa ukuba zizoumbane, oomatshini, izinto eziphathekayo, iikhemikhali kunye nemisebenzi yokukhusela umlilo.
Umbane
Uvavanyo lokukhutshwa kwenxalenye - Yenzelwe ukumisela ubukho, ubukhulu, kwaye ukhangele ukuba ubungakanani bokukhutshwa budlula ixabiso elichaziweyo lombane othile.
Uvavanyo lweBhayisikile ye-Thermal-Yenzelwe ukuvavanya indlela imveliso yentambo ephendula ngayo kwiinguqu eziqhubekayo zokushisa kwinkonzo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Impulse Voltage-yenzelwe ukuvavanya ukuba ingaba imveliso yentambo inokumelana na nokubetha kombane.
Uvavanyo lwe-Voltage 4 Iiyure - Landela ukulandelelana kweemvavanyo ezingentla ukuze uqinisekise ukunyaniseka kombane wentambo.
Oomatshini
Uvavanyo lwe-Shrinkage - eyenzelwe ukufumana ingqiqo malunga nokusebenza kwezinto eziphathekayo, okanye imiphumo kwamanye amacandelo ekwakhiweni kwentambo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Abrasion - Iimpondo zentsimbi ezithambileyo zinyanzeliswa njengomgangatho kwaye zitsalwe ngokuthe tye ecaleni kwentambo ngeendlela ezimbini ezichaseneyo ukuya kumgama we-600mm.
Uvavanyo lwe-Heat Set Test-Yenzelwe ukuvavanya ukuba kukho ukudibanisa okwaneleyo kwizinto eziphathekayo.
Ikhemikhali
I-Corrosive and Acid Gases-Yenzelwe ukulinganisa iigesi ezikhutshwe njengeisampulu zentambo ezitshisayo, ukulinganisa iimeko zomlilo, kunye nokuvavanya onke amacandelo angeyiyo isinyithi.
Umlilo
Uvavanyo lweFlame Spread Test-Yenzelwe ukuvavanya nokuqonda ukusebenza kwentambo ngokulinganisa ukusasazeka kwedangatye kubude bentambo.
Uvavanyo lokukhutshwa komsi - Yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsi oveliswayo awubangeli amanqanaba aphantsi okuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunamaxabiso achaziweyo afanelekileyo.
04.Ukungasebenzi kakuhle
Iintambo ezikumgangatho ophantsi zonyusa amazinga okusilela kwaye zibeke unikezelo lwamandla omsebenzisi wokugqibela emngciphekweni.
Izizathu eziphambili zale nto kukuguga kwangaphambili kwesiseko sekhebula, isiseko esibi somgangatho wamalungu okanye iinkqubo zokuphelisa intambo, okubangelwa ukuthembeka okuncitshisiweyo okanye ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ngokomzekelo, ukukhululwa kwamandla okukhutshwa kwenxalenye kusisandulela sokungaphumeleli, njengoko kunika ubungqina bokuba ikhebula liqala ukuhla, okuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli kunye nokungaphumeleli, kulandelwa ukucima kombane.
Ukuguga kwentambo ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ngokuchaphazela ukugquma kwentambo ngokunciphisa ukuxhathisa kombane, nto leyo isalathiso esibalulekileyo seziphene ezibandakanya ukufuma okanye iipokotho zomoya, imithi yamanzi, imithi yombane kunye nezinye iingxaki.Ukongezelela, ii-sheaths eziqhekezayo zinokuchaphazeleka ngokuguga, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuphendula okanye ukubola, oku kunokubangela iingxaki kamva kwinkonzo.
Ukukhetha intambo ekumgangatho ophezulu evavanyiwe ngokucokisekileyo kwandisa ubomi bayo, iqikelela ukugcinwa okanye ukutshintshwa kwamathuba, kwaye inqanda ukuphazamiseka okungeyomfuneko.
05.Uvavanyo lohlobo kunye nokuvunywa kwemveliso
Uvavanyo lwefom luluncedo kuba luqinisekisa ukuba isampuli ethile yekhebula ihambelana nomgangatho othile ngexesha elithile.
Ukwamkelwa kwemveliso ye-BASEC kubandakanya ukubeka iliso okungqongqo kwisebe ngokuphicothwa rhoqo kweenkqubo zemveliso, iinkqubo zolawulo kunye novavanyo olungqongqo lwesampulu yekhebula.
Kwiskimu sokuvunywa kwemveliso, iisampuli ezininzi zivavanywa ngokuxhomekeke kwintambo okanye uluhlu oluvavanywayo.
Inkqubo yoqinisekiso lwe-BASEC engqongqo iqinisekisa umsebenzisi wokugqibela ukuba iintambo zenziwa ngokwemigangatho eyamkelekileyo yoshishino, zenziwe zaya kumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, zinciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokusilela.
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